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Glass

Project Profile
  • Glass is a uniform material of arguable phase, usually produced when the viscous molten material cools very rapidly to below its glass transition temperature, without sufficient time for a regular crystal lattice to form. The most familiar form of glass is the silica-based material used for household objects such as light bulbs and windows. Glass is a biologically inactive material that can be formed into smooth and impervious surfaces. Under tension, glass is brittle and will break into sharp shards. 
  • Large natural single crystals of quartz are pure silicon dioxide, and upon crushing are used for high quality specialty glasses. Synthetic amorphous silica, an almost 100 % pure form of quartz, is the raw material for the most expensive specialty glasses. The most common method for glass production is using molten tin, where the molten glass floats on top of the tin, thus giving it the name "float glass".
  • The glass may undergo processing of various types to give it thermal, aesthetic, acoustic, mechanical, electrical, and other properties. Various types of processing are performed. They are changes of composition to produce tinted glass, special glasses, and glass ceramics, combinations with other products to create composites laminated glass (for safety) resin glass (acoustic insulation), gel glasses (fire resistance), and glass-glasses (decoration), the processing of the surfaces by treatments such as polishing or sanding, to produce the glasses used in interior decorating, the deposition of thin films to produce mirrors, enamelled glass, sunblock glasses, or glasses to save energy and mechanical reinforcement by thermal or chemical tempering to produce tempered safety glass. 
  • To make glass, cool the melt so rapidly that very little crystallization occurs. The rates of nucleation and growth are small near, but below, the melting point because there is not much thermodynamic driving force. Nucleation and growth rates also taper off at lower temperatures because the atoms are not mobile enough to move to new positions. Thus, there is a temperature range in which crystallization happens. If a melt is cooled rapidly enough through this range, only a minuscule volume will crystallize.
  • The coloristic potentials of glass determined its great popularity for special decorative uses. Fused mosaic glass of marble-like or figural patterns was employed, for instance, to adorn the surfaces of walls and furniture. Colorful opaque inlays for opus sectile mosaic were created from pre-formed shapes fitted together. Glass also came to be used in place of marble for tessera mosaics laid on floors, walls, and vaulted ceilings. 
  • The global market for flat glass in 2005 was approximately 41 million tonnes. At the level of primary manufacture this represents a value of around USD 19 billion. Of this tonnage, around 70 per cent is consumed in windows for buildings, 10 per cent in glazing products for automotive applications and 20 per cent used in furniture and other interior applications. Europe, China and North America together account for 74 per cent of global demand for glass.
  • Europe is the most mature glass market and has the highest proportion of value-added products. Over the past 20 years, glass demand has grown more quickly than GDP. 2005 showed good growth globally, bolstered by China. Over the long-term, glass demand is still growing at just over 4 per cent per annum. In 2005, the industry was running at around 90 per cent capacity utilisation globally, again heavily influenced by strong demand in China - a trend which looks set to continue.
  • In recent years, the export markets for scrap glass from the US have increased dramatically, although they are still small in comparison to the overall quantity of scrap glass recycled. For example, in 1997, an estimated 55,000 tons of glass cullet were exported for recycling, while 3 million tons were recycled in the US. And in the July 1999 issue of Resource Recycling, it notes that NexCycle, Inc of Irving, Texas has exported more than 100,000 tons of glass cullet from the US in the last two years, with shipments to Central and South America, the Caribbean, and continental Europe.
  • China's demand for flat glass has grown at a fast pace in the past decade. In the next five years, both production and demand will continue to grow. China's rapidly increasing demand for flat glass was stimulated by its two-decade high economic growth, especially the continuously rising demand in the automobile and construction markets. It is projected that the Chinese automobile industry will increase its demand for flat glass and will lead the industry in growth. The Chinese construction industry will continue to remain the largest market for flat glass. The total flat glass demand will increase 11.5% annually to 360 million weight cases in the year 2005. 
  • World Automotive Glass market is forecast to reach 390.3 million square meters by 2010 at a CAGR of 3.15% over the 2001-2010 period. Though Europe constitutes the largest market for Automotive Glass with an estimated share of 32.29% in 2006, much of the growth is expected to be fueled by the Asia-Pacific region that is projected to register a CAGR of 7.87% over the aforementioned period. With a share of 40.28%, Windscreens market is the dominant segment in the global Automotive Glass market, in addition to being the fastest growing with a CAGR of 3.30% over 2001-2010.
General Information
  • Glass
  • The discovery of glass
  • A Brief History of Glass
  • A Brief History of Glass Blowing
  • Introductory History of Stained Glass

Manufacturing Process

  • Components of Glass Making
  • Glass Making
  • Glass Manufacturing
  • Typical Glass Manufacturing Process
  • Methods of Forming Glass
  • UK Glass Manufacture
  • Flat Glass Manufacturing Process
  • Hand-Blown Glass Manufacturing Process
  • The History of Glass Making
  • How to make glass
  • Glass Industry Manufacturing Process
  • Glass Manufacturing - Video File

Equipments and Its Working Procedure

  • Systems for Supporting the Glass Melting Process
  • Systems for Supporting and Stabilizing the Glass Flow
  • Combined Oxyfired System- The Melting end Heating system with Many advantage
  • The Constant Ration Control System for Mixture Heating
  • Electrode Holders 
  • The Hot Inspection Service Package for Optimum Documentation
  • The Precise, Non-Contact Glass Level Measuring Device
  • Forehearth System

Properties

  • Blue Glass Characteristics
  • Borosilicate Glass Properties
  • Database and Interim Glass Property
  • Laminated glass Properties
  • Mechanical Properties of glass Polymer Multilayer composite
  • Glass Properties
  • Chemical properties of glass
  • Physical Properties of Glass
  • Thermal/Mechanical Properties
  • Statistical Calculation and Development of Glass Properties

Types of Glass

  • Types of Glass Used in Producing Custom Glass Art
  • Different types of glass
  • Shop and Office Glass
  • Stained Glass Types List
  • Types of Flat Glass

Production

  • Production of Glass Supporting Fabrications
  • Float Glass Production Process
  • Foam Glass Production from Vitrified Municipal Waste Fly Ashes
  • Reduction of CRT Glass Production Capacity
  • Solutions for float glass Glaverbel Automates New glass Production in Russia 
  • Star Performance in Float Glass Production
  • A study of new techniques for large scale Glass RPC production
  • Glass Production Testing
  • Production of glass

Company Profiles

  • Asahi India
  • British Glass
  • OpticalWindows.co.uk
  • Gujarat Glass
  • Haldyn Glass
  • Hindustan National Glass
  • Milgard Glass Company
  • Northwestern Industries, Inc
  • Precision Electronic Glass
  • Quinn Glass
  • Specialty Glass Products Inc
  • Triveni Glass Ltd
  • Virginia Glass Products  
  • Shreno Limited  
  • Glass Expressions
  • Goyal India Glassware

Consultants

  • Professional Glass Consultants
  • Automotive Glass Consultants
  • Glass Consultants - USA
  • Expert in Soda-Lime Glass Manufacturing
  • Society of Glass Technology

Patent 

  • Protective Film for Glass
  • Glass production method using ilmenite
  • Glass Manufacture
  • Method of reducing the amount of lithium in glass production
  • Glass Production
  • Sight Glass

Products

  • Accu-Glass Products
  • Glass Crafts
  • Fusion Glass Products
  • Glass Handicrafts
  • TGP Products
  • Xinyuan New Glass Products

Plant

  • Waste-Glass Recycling Plant
  • Kursk Plant of Medical Glass
  • Takasago Plant
  • Proposed Changes at Glass Plant Indicate $26 Million in Potential Savings 
Technology
  • Glass Industry Technology RoadMap
  • Development of Advanced Sensor Technologies for the United States Glass Industry
  • C-Glass Fiber Production (2000-4000 MT)/year) by POT Furnace
  • Simax Glass Production Technology and Glass Processing
  • The Grid Application Portal for Glass Technology
  • High-performance Glass and Glass Ceramics Opens New Technological Dimensions for Next-Generation Applications

Applications

  • Glass Tile Applications
  • Reuse/Recycling of Glass Cullet For Non-Container Uses
  • Special Uses for Glass
  • Some Uses of Glass
  • Recycled Glass in Art Glass Applications
  • Nanostructured CdS/CdSSe glass composite for photonic application  
  • Glass and glass–ceramic coatings, versatile materials for industrial and engineering applications 
  • Glass in Construction Applications

Market 

  • Flat Glass Industry and Global Market Structure
  • Glass of class
  • Hind Glass in growth push
  • World Automotive Glass Market
  • Nano-structured self-cleaning coated glasses
  • Studio Glass Market Analysis 2001-2003
  • The Flat Glass Market in China
  • Asahi India Glass: Hold

Report

  • Glass in India
  • Industrial Glass Bandwidth Analysis
  • Selective Batching for Improved Commercial Glass Melting
  • Coatings on Glass
  • Glass Industry 
  • Glass Industry of the Future
  • Glass: A Clear Vision For a Bright Future
  • Hindustan National Glass & Industries Ltd Annual Report
  • Architectural Aspects of Glass Buildings
  • Modeling of Glass Making Processes for Improved Efficiency
  • Manual for the Glass Industry
  • Glass Manufacturing Industry Council Symposium

Projects

  • Enhanced Cutting and Finishing of Handglass Using a Carbon Dioxide Laser
  • High Efficiency Burner Lowers Cost and Emissions in Oxy-fuel Glass Melters
  • High Intensity Plasma Glass Melter Project
  • Recovery and Recycling of Glass-Manufacturing Waste and Fiberglass Scrap 
  • State-of-the-Art Glass Research Facility Designed To Develop Technology For Improved Melting Process Efficiency 

Suppliers 

  • Glass Beads Suppliers
  • Suppliers of Glass
  • Fiber Glass Suppliers
  • Foreign Exporters & Manufacturers
  • Wholesale Suppliers of Glass
  • Indian Wholesale Suppliers
  • Indian Exporters & Manufacturers
  • Manufacturers of Glass
  • M.A.Export
  • Suppliers of Laminated Glass
  • Selling Leads of Glass
  • Manufacturers of Stained Glass
  • UK Wholesale Suppliers of Glass
  • Warm Glass UK- Glass Supplies Online

Equipments Suppliers

  • Glass Processing Machines
  • Glass Making Equipment Manufacturers
  • Glass Making Machines Exporters Directory
  • Equipment Suppliers 
  • Indian Exporters & Manufacturers
  • Glass Lined Equipment
  • Distributors of Glass Making Equipment
  • Glass Making Machines Suppliers
  • Glass & Glassmaking Equipment Suppliers
  • Wale Apparatus Co., Inc

Buyers

  • Foreign Importers & Buyers
  • Indian Importers & Buyers
  • Glass Buyers List 1
  • Glass Buyers List 2
  • Glass Buyers List 3
  • Glass Buyers List 4

Guides

  • Glass Cleaning Guidelines
  • Guidebook on Commercialized Energy Efficiency and Supply Technologies for the Glass Manufacturing Industry
  • Teacher's Notes on Glass
  • Guidelines for Disposal of Glass
  • Glasslinks Guide to the History of Glass
  • Waste Glass User Guideline